In regards to the treatment of CLBP, exercise therapy appears to be slightly effective in decreasing pain and improving function exercise therapy encompasses heterogeneous interventions, ranging from aerobic exercises to muscle strengthening and flexibility and stretching exercises. 5 BS is effective not only in improving the quality of life (QoL) and reducing disability in low back pain (LBP) but also in improving mental well-being. Within rehabilitation approaches to CLBP, the Back School (BS), consisting of training in group exercises, has proven its efficacy in many research studies. 3 Its management comprises a range of different intervention strategies including surgery, drug therapy and non-medical intervention like rehabilitation.Īmong alternative rehabilitative techniques, it is known that the behavioral or biopsychosocial approach offers the foundation for a better insight into persistent pain. 2 CLBP is experienced by 70%–80% of adults at some time in their lives. Further high quality research is needed to confirm the effect of these techniques, together with the use of more appropriate evaluation measures.Ĭhronic low back pain (CLBP) is defined as a pain that persists for more than 3 months, or longer than the expected healing period it represents one of the most common and costly musculoskeletal problems in modern society. To date, it is difficult to affirm the superiority of one approach over another. GPR shows long lasting results for the last outcome. All the techniques are effective for the study groups with respect to the control groups in reducing pain and disability and improving the QoL and maintaining benefits at follow-up pilates, Back School, MK and Feldenkrais methods reduce pain and are more efficient than a pharmacological or instrumental approach in reducing disability and improving all psychological aspects also. The effect of exercise therapy was examined for each single study through changes in the main clinical outcomes (pain, disability,) quality of life (QoL) and psychological aspects and the targeted aspects of physical function (muscle strength, mobility, muscular activity and flexibility). In total, 26 studies were found suitable to be included in the review (14 articles about pilates, six about McKenzie (MK), one article about Feldenkrais, three about Global Postural Rehabilitation (GPR) and two about Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation). Our narrative review has the purpose of highlighting the evidence supporting the different rehabilitative techniques described for its management. Chronic low back represents one of the major causes of disability worldwide.
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